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Earthing is the process of connecting the exposed metal parts of an electrical circuit to the ground
Usually an electric appliance such as a heater, an iron box, etc. are fitted with all the three wires namely live, neutral and earth. The earth wire is connected to the metallic body of the appliance. This is done to avoid accidental shock. Suppose due to some defect, the insulation of the live wire inside an electric iron is burnt then the live wire may touch the metallic body of the iron.
When the iron box is in use, the metallic body will also be increased to 110V. If we accidentally come in contact with such a metallic body we are sure to get an electric shock. If the earth wire is properly connected to the metallic body it protects us from an electric shock.
CBSE Physics ELECTRICITY